Liechtenstein has only a few national media outlets, which are integrated into a very tightly woven social, cultural and political fabric. But the predominantly German-speaking population can also get their news from media outlets in neighbouring countries.
Media landscape
The closure of the oldest newspaper, the Liechtensteiner Volksblatt, for economic reasons in 2023 left Liechtenstein with just one daily, the Liechtensteiner Vaterland. The country has just one radio station, Radio Liechtenstein, which has been overseen by the principality’s public broadcasting company, Liechtensteinische Rundfunk (LRF) since 2003 and has more than 50,000 listeners. Liechtenstein has one privately owned TV channel, 1FLTV, which was launched in 2008 and is owned by an Austrian company. The population also has ample access to German-language media in neighbouring countries, including Germany, Switzerland and Austria.
Political context
With only one daily newspaper now being published, the traditionally close links between the two main political parties and the newspaper have weakened. In general, privately owned media and public broadcasting provide space for a variety of political opinions and for political parties to express their views.
Legal framework
In principle, freedom of opinion and freedom of the press prevail. However, in this small state with a tightly woven social, cultural and political fabric, journalists are under considerable pressure to prevent the outbreak of scandals. Political parties exert significant influence on the country's only daily newspaper and on public radio and television, within which journalists may have a tendency towards self-censorship.
Economic context
Given the limited reach of the country’s media, the main problems are the small advertising market and low number of subscribers, which reduces profitability and therefore the economic appeal of the media industry. As a public broadcaster, Radio Liechtenstein receives by far the most state support. The other media outlets must settle for smaller public subsidies, intended to support quality and pluralism but which were not enough to prevent the Liechtensteiner Volksblatt’s closure.
Sociocultural context
Like many countries, Liechtenstein is faced with declining public interest in news and growing distrust of traditional media. Since 2021, groups or individuals with extremist ideas have gained visibility in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, influencing an anti-media discourse. Some groups also expect the media to serve their interests.
Safety
Since the Covid-19 pandemic, attempts to influence certain sectors of civil society have increased significantly, making the media and journalists targets of threats and slander. Reporters and media were subjected to verbal attacks on an unprecedented scale during protests against measures taken to combat the pandemic.